What are negative ions?
In physics, we all know that matter is made up of molecules, molecules are made up of atoms, and atoms are made up of nuclei and electrons that rotate around them. When they get electrons, they are negatively charged; when they lose electrons, they are positively charged. We refer to the phenomenon of positive and negative electrons as ionic phenomena.
In the natural state, the air molecules are neutral in polarity, i.e., they do not carry an electric charge. However, under cosmic rays, ultraviolet rays, trace element radiation, lightning strikes, etc., air molecules will lose some of the outermost electrons rotating around the atom's nucleus, so that the air is ionized. The electrons that escape the bonds of the nucleus are called free electrons and are negatively charged. When the free electrons combine with other neutral gas molecules, negatively charged negative air ions are formed.
The above are negative ions generated by natural phenomena.
With the generation and development of artificial negative ion generation technology, the size of air ions varies, according to the size of the diameter of the particles can be divided into small particle size negative ions (0.001-0.003um), medium-sized negative ions (0.003-0.03um), large particle size negative ions (0.03-0.1um) 3 categories; (1 nm = 0.000000001 m 1 nm = 0.0000001 cm 1 nm = 0.001 microns) its movement speed in the unit strength (V/m) under the action of the electric field is called ion mobility, which is an important parameter to distinguish the size of the measured ion diameter.
The smaller the diameter of air ions, the faster their migration speed, mobility, and ion size of the relationship shown in the figure. Ion mobility is an important parameter to express the size of the measured ions. Ion movement speed and ion diameter are inversely proportional to the ion mobility and ion movement speed is proportional to the ion mobility. Hence, the ion mobility is inversely proportional to the ion diameter.
Air ions can be divided into light, medium, and heavy ions according to volume size. The diameter of light ions is about 0.000001cm, faster in the electric field, 1 to 2 cm2/V.S in the natural world or ordinary environment, the mobility is greater than 0.4 cm2/(V.s) for the small size of the negative ions, the diameter of heavy negative ions is about 0.0001cm, in the electric field, the movement of the slower, only 0.0005 cm2/V.S in the natural world or the general environment, less than 0.04 cm2/(V.s) for the negative ions, heavy negative ions are about 0.0001cm in diameter, in the electric field movement is slower, only 0.0005 cm2/V.S in the natural world or ordinary In nature or ordinary environment less than 0.04 cm2/(V.s) for large particle size negative ions, the size and activity of medium size negative ions between light and heavy ions. The small particle size negative ions have good biological activity and are easy to pass through the human blood-brain barrier and enter the human body to exert their biological effects.
At present, traditional negative ion generation technology can not generate small particle-size negative ions; only negative ion converter technology and nano fullerene negative ion releaser technology can.